Kameshwar Singh Darbhanga Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya (KSDSU) is a state university in Darbhanga, Bihar, devoted to Sanskrit learning, traditional knowledge and related research. The university was established in 1961 and has its headquarters in the historic palace complex associated with the former Darbhanga royal family. Maharaja Kameshwar Singh donated the Anand Bagh palace and cultural resources for the promotion of Sanskrit education, giving the institution a distinctive connection with Mithila's scholarly heritage. Mahamahopadhyaya Dr. Umesh Mishra, a noted Sanskrit scholar, served as the first Vice-Chancellor. In its early period, the university inherited examination responsibilities connected with traditional Sanskrit education and initially functioned largely as an examining body. A major academic transformation began in 1974 under Vice-Chancellor Ram Karan Sharma, when postgraduate teaching and research were strengthened and new faculties and departments were developed at Darbhanga. The university now supports undergraduate and postgraduate Sanskrit education, research degrees, examinations and academic administration for affiliated and constituent Sanskrit colleges. Its fields encompass classical language and literature as well as traditional disciplines such as philosophy, grammar, dharmashastra, agama and tantra. The university also holds an important manuscript heritage. Collections associated with the institution include thousands of rare manuscripts, with works covering epics, philosophy, grammar, religious literature and illustrated texts. This archival dimension complements formal teaching and research. KSDSU therefore serves several roles simultaneously: it is a degree-granting public university, a centre for advanced Sanskrit scholarship, an examining and affiliating authority and a custodian of textual heritage. Its location in Darbhanga places it within the historic intellectual landscape of Mithila, long associated with Sanskrit scholarship and traditional learning. The Anand Bagh setting and manuscript resources are especially valuable for disciplines dependent on primary texts. Study of vyakarana, philosophy, dharmashastra, agama, tantra and classical literature is supported by formal curricula and access to a significant inherited scholarly collection.